The funny thing is that Barlow looks quite a lot like Count Orlok from "Nosferatu." I haven't read the book, so I can't say that Barlow is the same in the novel. But since King has referred movies in his works, even having to have drawn influence from some of them, it wouldn't be a surprise to me if he did.
Director Neil Marshall has stated that when it came to the Crawlers, he was thinking about it being somewhat like a bat in it's appearance (not just the details like them being blind and being able to use sonar and smell). Of course, I'm sure the creature design and the team that worked on it looked at "Nosferatu" as well. But, for some reason, a lot of people compare the Crawler's appearance to that of Gollum from "The Lord of the Rings" than that to Count Orlok (the making-of documentary on the DVD talks a bit about the design of the creatures. The comparison to Gollum is my own conclusion, having to have read a lot of posts on the IMDb forum for "The Descent". The creature's appearance was the second most talked about topic, the first being "Did Juno deserve it?").