"Star Trek TNG Sketchbook: The Movies: Generations and First Contact" has a lot of concept art for costumes and props, and occasional photos of the finished items, and some commentary by the designers.
The Art of Star Trek has similar material, covering TOS, TNG, VOY and DS9, and the movies up to Generations.
Most of your major movies now will have a "Making of / Art of" book.
Additionally, there is a "Art of SW:ANH" book, and the DK 'Visual Dictionary' series on Star Wars.
Unfortunately, you'll find that even most 'making of' / art books are going to cover the whole movie, and not focus on only props or only costumes.
I'll 'second' the mention of "Bob's Basement."
Additionally, some auctions publish catalogs, which should have at least one good photo and a description of size & materials for most props / costumes, though you won't find much of a 'story' about them.