The tanks are steel and look to be repurposed small capacity redundant scuba cylinders. You can tell they are steel by A) The bottoms of the tanks are rounded, with Aluminum cylinders they make the bottoms flat so they'll stand up on their own but with Steel it'd be too heavy. B) Compressed gas cylinders are required by various government bodies (mostly the DOT) to have information stamped into the upper rounded neck of the tank, a 3AA designation is used to denote a tank is steel. 3AL is aluminum.
Most pressure fittings/valves/regulators are chrome plated brass. The brass can be removed from wear and tear, or I suppose you could do it with a wire wheel and a lot of time. As far as what kind of valve is in the pictures there... well ya got me there, I've never seen anything like it and I've worked in the scuba industry for 15 years. It looks like it might be used for some kind of trans-filling set-up maybe, I'm not really sure but from the shape/size/constructions of the knobs on the valving stuff it's pretty old. Very cool build tho.