Fair use is somewhat confusing and subject to interpretation. Yes, when you printing it you are transforming the work, but when it is in its digital format, it is is still protected by copyright. It's like saying you copied a chapter out of a book and put it onto your webpage. You transformed it from a print format to digital, but you still infringed upon the copyright.
Chances are, nothing will happen if you do this. The copyright owner may in fact allow this because it would be like advertising their work which may bring them more profit. If you look throughout this site, you will notice a LOT of non-licensed costumes, props, models, garage kits etc... Some have been hit with C&Ds but the one-off ones haven't. Its only when you go way above the horizon where radar can hit you, like when you advertise. But look on Etsy...everyone is doing it and profiting from it. Everyone here probably has some copyright infringed material on their display shelf.
TazMan2000