They are the TO-39 transistors. Search ebay for TO39 or TO-39 transistors and you will find a modern equivilent for less then a dollar a piece. They are the same size as the old ones but do not have the stamp on the top.
As far as attaching them, you can try and drill the bottom and tap them so you can screw them into your saber, otherwise, epoxy might work.
When drilling the transistors be VERY careful they are quite fragile and will bend easy. I ruined countless ones trying to get it right.
For the washer, I was lucky enough to get some from a member here. I am not sure of what to use that could be found in a hardware store.
There is a couple of good threads all about this, try searching for Transistor or TO39 or something like that.
Good Luck.
Tom
edit: To comment on what Franz said, Stormpath was the other guy that made them. I too have a set of 5postboys and they are excellent.
Maybe post a WTB thread in the Junkyard and you might get lucky.