my first thought is airbrushing over a template seems like the best way to do it, unfortunately, it'd need to be a weird template, you'd end up with little missing bits along some of the lines to hold all the hexagons in place. if that didn't break your heart though, I'd recommend making the pattern in a PC, then 3D printing the template , you could then lay it out over the costume or material and spray. I recommend 3D printing and modeling because by the time you could draw and cut that pattern by hand, you'd almost be better off hand painting/drawing the pattern on.
are you trying to do the effect on an already made suit, or on cloth before you cut out a pattern?