Let's Talk All Things 3d for prop creation, Scan, Design, Sculpt (real and digital), Print and Finish

Hard to tell what these machines are “thinking.”

There was a parody of ST:II recently—quite forgettable:
—except for a 3D interpolation you can see at the one minute, thirty-five second mark.

While it is in no way accurate to the refit model itself (the AI only had 2D film image to work with)—-the resulting 3D model is lovely—like a stretched Refit.

That really deserves to live as a physical model.

No other “hallucination” is as lovely.
There is a cnc render program made specifically for large format wood router cnc work, relief style, plunge routers. The software comes with a 2d to 3d render that is mind blowingly accurate for what you would expect the real 3d object to be. It works with photos and 2d drawings so it isn't interpretting the shadows. Why it would even begin to be accurate is unknown to me as it would have no point of reference for heights. I would love to see some of the programming theory behind this 2d to 3d process.
 
I do not know which software you are specifically referencing but there are three underlying concepts I am familiar with for converting 2D images to 3D objects. The first is the easiest, fastest, and most straightforward; where the software was access to to the top view, front view, and side view of the object. This type of illustration is common for traditional “subtractive manufacturing” so it was adopted early. The second is photogrammetry where multiple images from various angles use stereoscopic calculations to predict depths. The more images available - the better the accuracy. The most recent advances are AI based. The software looks for known “references” within the image and uses them to extract more and more information about other object features. The new information is then constantly reevaluated against previous estimates until a complete 3D design has been formulated. Even simple elements like a round “hole” which the software (or even me when I try the same technique) will start by assuming it has a constant radius. This allows it to “normalize” the images and look for more references. Also the AI software is trained by adding catalogs of standard elements. A screwhead, desk chair, human hand, can again provide a reference for more assumptions or confirmations. Shadows, and modeling the lighting also can play a large role in the calculations. Some of these same concepts can help anyone manually estimate object dimensions.
 
I am totally jumping around and I apologize because I want to do a full review of the 2d to 3d process with links to software but I am in need of opinions on filler primer. What are your favorites for post 3d print primers and fillers and please, please, combo filler-primer. Brands appreciated as well as a pic if you have it. And we will give the resin folks the ability to chime in (even though there seems to be little in the way of filling for resin prints) just in case I have a misconception about post resin print processes.
 
Rustoleum Sandable Primer.
gray-rust-oleum-automotive-primers-249418-64_1000.jpg

TazMan2000
 
I tend not to use filler primer these days, as it takes too many steps to coat and sand over and over again, and it sometimes kills the detail in my models.

I really like thinning Bondo Glazing Putty (the red stuff) with a little acetone, and then selectively applying it where I need it. Then I sand, and prime with a thin primer like Tamiya. 1-2 applications usually does the job. Sprayed-on filling solutions can be indiscriminate and destructive.
 
Forgot I had been testing this but here is a 2d to 3d free online conversion tool (site) with quite a lot of options for converting different file types, even just text, to 3d and from 3d back to an image.


For vector art it is flawless:

1742629502565.png


but for photos it gets pretty dirty so I would suggest doing an outline of your photographed object first unless you truly want to clean it up after.

Update: I did a conversion of a rock wall photograph from another thread and it had a color overlay option and it turned out amazing. I think this site is definitely worth saving in your browser links.
1742631470642.png


from

skullrock.JPG
 
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Forgot I had been testing this but here is a 2d to 3d free online conversion tool (site) with quite a lot of options for converting different file types, even just text, to 3d and from 3d back to an image.


For vector art it is flawless:

View attachment 1916017

but for photos it gets pretty dirty so I would suggest doing an outline of your photographed object first unless you truly want to clean it up after.

Update: I did a conversion of a rock wall photograph from another thread and it had a color overlay option and it turned out amazing. I think this site is definitely worth saving in your browser links.
View attachment 1916021

from

View attachment 1916022
Wow...thanks for the link greenmachines(y)(y)(y)
 
I tend not to use filler primer these days, as it takes too many steps to coat and sand over and over again, and it sometimes kills the detail in my models.

I really like thinning Bondo Glazing Putty (the red stuff) with a little acetone, and then selectively applying it where I need it. Then I sand, and prime with a thin primer like Tamiya. 1-2 applications usually does the job. Sprayed-on filling solutions can be indiscriminate and destructive.
Another vote for this method...
Although I'm tending to just water it down for smaller prints atm.
I am guessing acetone drys out quicker is there like a chemical benefit ?
 
I think I was expecting too much...

View attachment 1917436

I'll find a decent STL file of this Aurora kit eventually..
That program is pretty cool though.
I had hugely varying success using its different options. Without color overlay the skull mountain just looked flat but with the added overlay it rendered decent quality. I think this free one would be a keep in the back pocket option for a quick turn around on an otherwise vector flat image.
 
I had hugely varying success using its different options. Without color overlay the skull mountain just looked flat but with the added overlay it rendered decent quality. I think this free one would be a keep in the back pocket option for a quick turn around on an otherwise vector flat image.
I can certainly see uses for Signage and those 3D back lit images you once got in cerial packets now you see them dotted on Maker world.
 
So, I recently printed the Horn of Gondor (Boromir's horn from Fellowship of the Ring) about 30-40 percent oversized. Not too bad, right? Well, here is the funny thing about circles, pipes, rings, all things round: they are volumetrically enormously expanded with only slight modification to their percentage increase in measurements (radius). The end band, the ornamental covering on the end of the horn, about the size of a coffee mug:

857265-horn.jpg


is now the size of a half gallon of icecream:

1743139259130.png


When I complete this build, I will be able to call upon reinforcements from Gondor, even though it isn't real and is in a different reality. It will be THAT loud.
 
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So, I recently printed the Horn of Gondor (Boromir's horn from Fellowship of the Ring) about 30-40 percent oversized. Not too bad, right? Well, here is the funny thing about circles, pipes, rings, all things round: they are volumetrically enormously expanded with only slight modification to their percentage increase in measurements. The end band, the ornamental covering on the end of the horn, about the size of a coffee mug:

View attachment 1917906

is now the size of a half gallon of icecream:

View attachment 1917907

When I complete this build, I will be able to call upon reinforcements from Gondor, even though it isn't real and is in a different reality. It will be THAT loud.
But will it be as tasty!...



Here's my question of the day.
On my Bambu A1 most of the time it gives a pretty flawless print but sometimes I get a layer of stringy fibers usually it's the bottom so would that be a bed plate issue maybe I should clean it ?
 
But will it be as tasty!...



Here's my question of the day.
On my Bambu A1 most of the time it gives a pretty flawless print but sometimes I get a layer of stringy fibers usually it's the bottom so would that be a bed plate issue maybe I should clean it ?
From what I have seen, the stringing (described above) comes from two things, tenperature is too low or there is nothing for it to land on because it is being laid into open air instead of touching the bed or a lower layer. (further defining of different types of stringing is found in post 60, below)

But, the ultimate culprit for it happening directly at bed layer one is the initial z height. Although, many processes exist for "leveling", most printers need to have the z height adjusted into the negative numbers when stringing is occurring. A great test is to turn on "brim" or skirt for testing and see if they are glossy smooth like an ironed flat surface. If they are not and it is clearly lines on a record, the z height needs to go down. My printer required a very intense initial, MANUAL, bed adjustment in height to ALL FOUR CORNERS. Some printers do this automatically but do not be fooled by "bed surface mapping" done by the little touch tool as that is not initial bed leveling (even though the process calls it that) nor is it z height adjustment. There are 3 distinct bed leveling techniques needed on my printer:

1) The, every corner, manual raising or lowering of adjustment knobs to get the bed to within the "paper thickness" away from the nozzle when it claims to be at z height 0.

2) The further adjusting z height, in the control panel, to get brim/skirt to be flat and not individual record grooves. It should be literally smashing it out onto the surface, not oozing out a line of thread.

3) Bed mapping using the "auto leveling" feature which doesn't auto level at all but instead maps the contour of your existing non flat bed so it can adjust height as it goes to stay in contact with the bed.

And all of that ONLY MATTERS ON LAYER ONE.

After layer one, it is about temperature being too cold at the nozzle for the amount of filament coming through.

Cold can happen because the filament being used needs a higher temperature than others but can also happen if you turn the speed of travel too high and the filament cannot flow out fast enough, regardless of high temperature.

The printing into open air stringing occurs, after layer one, when you need supports but did not turn them on or on in the right way.

Although hand oils and manufacturing oils can cause stringing on layer one, requiring alcohol and soap cleaning, the number one pro tip that stopped surface adhesion issues on layer one was the application of one layer of elmer's stick glue. This is explained in an earlier post and is a solution for adhesion not stringing but will look the same if you don't notice how flat the line is. Even when height and leveling are correct, adhesion can fail and all online sources will swear it needs to be cleaned when you already did that. Try the glue trick, it is like magic and was recommended by a buddy who runs 24 simultaneous printers in his shop. Let it dry. This is why he recommends the purple "dries to clear/white" so you can tell it is dry.
 
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The glue is a god idea, as was blue Painter’s Tape back in the days before heated and surface treated beds. One important point (in my opinion / experience) is that your first layer should be printed at a slower rate and that the nozzle should be just below optimal height for a normal layer. This gives you an ‘elephant’s foot’ profile to the extrusion which ensures adhesion between rows. All of this is to make sure that your model is properly seated.
 
From what I have seen, the stringing comes from two things, tenperature is too low or there is nothing for it to land on because it is being laid into open air instead of touching the bed or a lower layer.

But, the ultimate culprit for it happening directly at bed layer one is the initial z height. Although, many processes exist for "leveling", most printers need to have the z height adjusted into the negative numbers when stringing is occurring. A great test is to turn on "brim" or skirt for testing and see if they are glossy smooth like an ironed flat surface. If they are not and it is clearly lines on a record, the z height needs to go down. My printer required a very intense initial, MANUAL, bed adjustment in height to ALL FOUR CORNERS. Some printers do this automatically but do not be fooled by "bed surface mapping" done by the little touch tool as that is not initial bed leveling (even though the process calls it that) nor is it z height adjustment. There are 3 distinct bed leveling techniques needed on my printer:

1) The, every corner, manual raising or lowering of adjustment knobs to get the bed to within the "paper thickness" away from the nozzle when it claims to be at z height 0.

2) The further adjusting z height, in the control panel, to get brim/skirt to be flat and not individual record grooves. It should be literally smashing it out onto the surface, not oozing out a line of thread.

3) Bed mapping using the "auto leveling" feature which doesn't auto level at all but instead maps the contour of your existing non flat bed so it can adjust height as it goes to stay in contact with the bed.

And all of that ONLY MATTERS ON LAYER ONE.

After layer one, it is about temperature being too cold at the nozzle for the amount of filament coming through.

Cold can happen because the filament being used needs a higher temperature than others but can also happen if you turn the speed of travel too high and the filament cannot flow out fast enough, regardless of high temperature.

The printing into open air stringing occurs, after layer one, when you need supports but did not turn them on or on in the right way.

Although hand oils and manufacturing oils can cause stringing on layer one, requiring alcohol and soap cleaning, the number one pro tip that stopped surface adhesion issues on layer one was the application of one layer of elmer's stick glue. This is explained in an earlier post and is a solution for adhesion not stringing but will look the same if you don't notice how flat the line is. Even when height and leveling are correct, adhesion can fail and all online sources will swear it needs to be cleaned when you already did that. Try the glue trick, it is like magic and was recommended by a buddy who runs 24 simultaneous printers in his shop. Let it dry. This is why he recommends the purple "dries to clear/white" so you can tell it is dry.
Thank you I am enlightened and give it a try later.
That's a big cheaky that the auto bed leveling isn't...
Brim yes I did have it turned on but think I inadvertently reset my settings a few prints back, it's not a big deal as I usually print sand and paint but great to know why it does it and how to solve it, Ive not seen purple glue sticks before but will hunt them out.
 
The glue is a god idea, as was blue Painter’s Tape back in the days before heated and surface treated beds. One important point (in my opinion / experience) is that your first layer should be printed at a slower rate and that the nozzle should be just below optimal height for a normal layer. This gives you an ‘elephant’s foot’ profile to the extrusion which ensures adhesion between rows. All of this is to make sure that your model is properly seated.
I totally forgot to mention slowing down level one speed. Thank you for adding that!
 
Thank you I am enlightened and give it a try later.
That's a big cheaky that the auto bed leveling isn't...
Brim yes I did have it turned on but think I inadvertently reset my settings a few prints back, it's not a big deal as I usually print sand and paint but great to know why it does it and how to solve it, Ive not seen purple glue sticks before but will hunt them out.
The regular sticks work but you are then forced to allow more time than really needed to dry, just to be sure.
 
For future readers of this section: If you are not experiencing stringing nor adhesion issues but want to avoid extra clean up on your printed parts, you can try turning OFF brim and skirt and first layer expansion (separate option) for your smaller and especially shorter parts. I just don't feel this saved time is worth the risk on taller parts as they will likely break loose from the bed before finishing due to numerous reasons but mainly because they just have less sticking them to the surface versus their leverage at extended heights.

A great example of a no brim, no skirt, no expansion part??? Republic credits, one inch by roughly 1/2 and about 3 mm tall. For its size, the first layer surface contact is 100 percent and needs no more.

If you can't get adhesion on a republic credit chip, you need to work on all the initial bed height, zheight, temperature, cleaning, and glue trick because contact surface area is not your issue here.
 
Just had an after thought on the above so will add an addendum to it (there as well).

The fibrous noodling, we talked about in post 53, is, full extrusion, cooling as a solid single string and is not the ultrafine spiderwebbing that occurs when the nozzle is traveling across open air while NOT printing in that same space. This spiderwebbing has also gained the nickname of "stringing" so can be easily confused with bed adhesion failure stringing / bird nesting and premature cooling while printing failure / noodling (which can also occur with bridging and overhangs without supports).
 
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