Really, the best thing I could find would be some sort of viscous acid that I could just pour into the bottle and let sit.
1. As an individual without credentials it's going to be hard for you to find someone that will sell you the hydrofluoric acid, the preferred acid to etch glass...
2. Hydrofluoric acid, is costly if you can even find some that will sell it to you + the hazardous shipping fees will drive it up even further...
My best advise was already given, sand blast the inside, it can be done and will take about 5 minutes... As someone said it will of course fill with sand but only if you blast away full blast, take it slow and pause letting the sand fall back out and you will be fine... I have done this several times with my cheap $60
Sears sand blaster and cheap plain white silica pool sand... Total investment about $65 if you already have an air compressor...
If you insist on acid, then go to the hobby store and get 2 containers of the over the counter glass etching cream, wear safety equipment and remember the golden rule ADD ACID TO WATER not the other way around, so get a plastic container and portion out DISTILLED water water... The amount will be based on the volume of the bottle minus the volume of both etching cream bottles + 25% for good measure... Now slowly add the cream to the distilled water (remember add acid to water) mix, pour into bottle and let it do it's thing, it's now diluted so it will take longer then the instructions state... The only drawback I see to this is that the acid will bubble so you can't fill the bottle to the top or else it will overflow and etch the outside of the bottle... You might need to only etch up to the bottom of the neck, while constantly monitoring and quickly wiping any bubble over with distilled water and then etch the neck of the bottle manually with some left over etching cream...
Either way wear safety equipment and do it in a safe place, working with acid in larger volumes is not to be taken lightly...